The security and quality of electrical connections depend on a good installation and good products. Aiming on offering better and better options, the chemical industry is always looking for powerful items like the elastomer, for instance, which is a resistant and flexible material.
The elastomer can be used in different industrial sectors, potentializing both the quality and durability of produced items. In order to help you understand what are elastomers, their characteristics and main types of applications, stay tuned to the Polyexcel blog!
What is elastomer
In the chemical sector, elements composed by organic molecules are called polymers. Elastic and viscous materials, on the other hand, which are thick, dense and sticky, are known as elastomers.
It is important to emphasize that the level of viscosity of an element is what defines the speed it has. A simple example can be seen when we compare water to oil, once they perform different velocities when put in a container.
Elasticity, on the other hand, refers to the capacity of a material to return to its original form after being compressed or stretched out. The elastic is an excellent example of that, since it can return to its original state even after being exposed to tension — remembering that it can be repeated many times.
To understand better what elastomer polymers are, it is necessary to know that the connections responsible to keep them together are quite strong. This particular characteristic sets the manipulation ability and flexibility of the compound.
Since the elastomer does not have attraction force in its nucleus, it can have a higher rupture tension when compared to other compounds. The inelastic materials are made out of substances that disintegrate when exposed to tension.
What are the main characteristics of the elastomer?
The development of the elastomer is designed so it can perform activities that require good performance and durability. In order for that to happen, it counts with some characteristics that sum up to its high performance, such as flexibility, toughness variations, compression and abrasion resistance.
Abrasion resistance
The thermoplastic elastomer performs high resistance when exposed to intense attrition, showing durability and flexibility. Besides, its abrasion resistance can vary depending on the needs of each application, positively contributing to the safety of the project.
Toughness
When it comes to toughness and application amplitude, the PU’s elastomer working capacity goes beyond rubber. The toughness of this item is determined by the Shore method. The polyurethane, for example, has a hardness range that goes from 10 Shore A to 95 Shore D.
Resistance and flexibility
Another quality of this material is its wide resistance to tears and breakings, besides excellent flexibility. This is only possible due to the combination of durability and toughness it has, which helps in the maintenance of its lifespan.
Compression characteristics
This item also shows great compression, enduring compression, tension and load resistance, offering great efficiency in applications that require good resistance to weight. This particular feature is very explored in industrial environments.
What are the applications of the elastomer
The applications of this product can be made in different industrial sectors. Besides, thermoplastic elastomer applications can be used in construction while it performs well in wires and energy and telecommunications cables, tiles, pipes and much more.
The elastomers applications in industry can be used in shoe manufacturing (soles), automotive parts, electronics and accessories, hoses, etc.
Another highlight about this compound is the fact that it performs a multifaceted function. That means that elastomers can mold themselves to the most diverse purposes, providing malleability or toughness.
Types of elastomers
Just like it happens to polymeric compounds, elastomers show two main kinds of structure: synthetic and natural. Each one of them has different characteristics, performing in diverse types of applications.
The natural version originates from Amazon gum trees. During the process of extraction, a type of glue (latex) is found. In order for this material to get ready to use, it goes through traction and homogenization, besides heat treatment and additives.
The silicone elastomer, on the other hand, as known as synthetic, can be made through the polymerization of monomers such as butadiene, isoprene, isobutylene and chloroprene. The mixture of these substances is used to enhance the product’s qualities, making it safer and more malleable.
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